标题：apt的安装
出处：gOxiA=苏繁=SuFan Blog
时间：Tue, 13 Dec 2005 15:07:59 +0000
作者：gOxiA
地址：https://goxia.maytide.net/read.php/800.htm

内容：
1、apt的安装；#rpm -ivh http://ftp.freshrpms.net/pub/fedora/linux/extras/4/i386/apt-0.5.15cnc7-6.fc4.i386.rpm2、导入GPG签名；#rpm --import http://svn.rpmforge.net/svn/branches/rpms/matthias/apt/RPM-GPG-KEY.freshrpms3、加Fedora core 4.0的源；在/etc/apt/目录中找到 sources.list，在里面加如下的一行；rpm http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386 core extras updates freshrpms4.apt 简单的应用；1］安装和配置好apt的第一步是执行 apt-get update ，目的是来从apt源中取回软件包的列表；也就是我们上面说的那个sources.list提到的源；[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get updateYou don't seem to have one or more of the needed GPG keys in your RPM database.Importing them now...Get:1 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386 release [1834B]Fetched 1834B in 8s (222B/s)Get:1 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/core pkglist [518kB]Get:2 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/core release [151B]Get:3 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/extras pkglist [1262kB]Get:4 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/extras release [155B]Get:5 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/updates pkglist [1107kB]Get:6 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/updates release [157B]Get:7 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/freshrpms pkglist [65.3kB]Get:8 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/freshrpms release [161B]Fetched 2952kB in 59s (49.9kB/s)Reading Package Lists... DoneBuilding Dependency Tree... Done2］安装、升级、移除软件包的用法；a)软件包的安装；[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get install 软件包名称注：不要加版本号，软件名就好；比如我们想安装或者升级firefox ，就可以直接用 apt-get install firefox ;[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get install firefoxReading Package Lists... DoneBuilding Dependency Tree... DoneThe following packages will be upgradedfirefox (1.0.4-4 => 1.0.6-1.1.fc4)1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 removed and 234 not upgraded.Need to get 19.2MB of archives.After unpacking 17.0kB of additional disk space will be used.Get:1 http://ayo.freshrpms.net fedora/linux/4/i386/updates firefox 0:1.0.6-1.1.fc4 [19.2MB]Fetched 19.2MB in 6m25s (49.8kB/s)Checking GPG signatures... ########################################### [100%]Committing changes...Preparing... ########################################### [100%]1:firefox ########################################### [100%]Done.b)移除软件包；[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get remove 软件包名举例：[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get remove firefoxc)对系统全面升级；[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get upgrade[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get dist-upgrade这两个功能差不多；d)常用的参数选项；[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get install -y 软件包名比如：[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get install -y gaim注：如果意外中断的包下载和安装，可以用-y参数来继续下载安装，如上面gaim我下载到10%，可以用上面的命令接着来下载安装或者升级；[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get install -d 软件包名比如：[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get install -d注：只是下载软件包，不解包，也不安装，下载到本地机的目录为 /var/cache/apt/archives3]清理apt-get 后下载下来的包和未完成的包；[root@localhost beinan]# apt-get clean通过apt-get下载下来的包存放在 /var/cache/apt/archives目录中；有时我们中断一些正在apt-get 的包，这样的包没有完全下载下来；我们也可以清理掉；也可以用继续接着下载安装，也可以清理掉；这样apt-get clean 就会删除 已经下载完成的位于/var/cache/apt/archives目录的所有包；也会清理掉下载未完成的包位于/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/这个功能还是比较有用的，因为apt-get 下载和安装量极大，要定期清理。


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